Simple present - Present continues
Form
Simple Present
Present Progressive
infinitive
(3rd person singular: infinitive + 's')
Examples:
I speak
you speak
he / she / it speaks
we speak
they speak
form of 'be' and verb + ing
Examples:
I am speaking
you are speaking
he / she / it is speaking
we are speaking
they are speaking
Exceptions
Exceptions when adding 's' :
1. For can, may, might, must, do not add s.
Example: he can, she may, it must
2. After o, ch, sh or s, add es.
Example: do - he does, wash - she washes
3. After a consonant, the final consonant y becomes ie. (but: not after a vowel)
Example: worry - he worries
but: play - he plays
Exceptions when adding 'ing' :
1. Silent e is dropped. (but: does not apply for -ee)
Example: come - coming
but: agree - agreeing
2. After a short, stressed vowel, the final consonant is doubled.
Example: sit - sitting
3. After a vowel, the final consonant l is doubled in British English (but not in American English).
Example: travel - travelling (British English)
but: travelling (American English)
4. Final ie becomes y.
Example: lie - lying
Use
In general or right now?
Do you want to express that something happens in general or that something is happening right now?
Simple Present
Present Progressive
1. in general (regularly, often, never)
Colin plays football every Tuesday.
2. present actions happening one after another
First Colin plays football, then he watches TV.
1. right now
Look! Colin is playing football now.
2. also for several actions happening at the same time
Colin is playing football and Anne is watching.
Signal words
always
every ...
often
normally
usually
sometimes
seldom
never
first
then
at the moment
at this moment
today
now
right now
Listen!
Look!
Note: The following verbs are usually only used in Simple Present:
be, have, hear, know, like, love, see, smell, think, want
Timetable / Schedule or arrangement?
Do you want to express that something is arranged for the near future?
Or do you refer to a time set by a timetable or schedule?
Simple Present
Present Progressive
action set by a timetable or schedule
Example: The film starts at 8 pm.
arrangement for the near future
Example: I am going to the cinema tonight.
Daily routine or just for a limited period of time?
Do you want to talk about a daily routine?
Or do you want to emphasis that something is only going on for a limited (rather short) period of time?
Simple Present
Present Progressive
daily routine
Example: Bob works in a restaurant.
only for a limited period of time (does not have to happen directly at the moment of speaking)
Example: Jenny is working in a restaurant this week.
Certain Verbs
The following verbs are usually only used in Simple Present (not in the progressive form).
1. state: be, cost, fit, mean, suit
Example: We are on holiday.
2. possession: belong, have
Example: Sam has a cat.
3. senses: feel, hear, see, smell, taste, touch
Example: He feels the cold.
4. feelings: hate, hope, like, love, prefer, regret, want, wish
Example: Jane loves pizza.
5. brain work: believe, know, think, understand
Example: I believe you.
6. Introductory clauses for direct speech: answer, ask, reply, say
Example: "I am watching TV," he says.
